Launched in August 2021 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, e-RUPI is a new digital payment solution for seamless transfer of funds, without the need for any card, digital payments app, internet access or even a bank account. 

e-RUPI is a cashless and contactless payment method done through an e-voucher sent to beneficiaries via QR Codes or SMS strings, which can be redeemed/used for specific purpose only, at the service providers. It connects the sponsors of the services with the users and service providers digitally, with no physical interface required.

These vouchers will be both person and purpose/end-use specific, for ex: If they are issued by government for availing any medical service at a particular hospital, then they can be redeemed only for that. In other words, it will work as a closed system PPI.

How e-RUPI works?

e-RUPI is developed by NPCI on its UPI platform, with onboarded banks as the issuers. The government or any private corporate will approach the partner banks with the details of specific beneficiaries to whom the payments have to be made and the purpose of such payments.

Each beneficiary will be uniquely identified basis their mobile number and voucher will then be issued and delivered (in the form of QR Code/SMS) in the name of that beneficiary only. 

Objective of e-RUPI

e-RUPI is expected to serve the following objectives:

• The long-term vision of e-RUPI is to reach the unbanked population, include them into a formal financial system and reduce the digital gap in the country
• To provide an equal access to various healthcare, education, and other benefits to each citizen of the country
• Transparency in transactions, as the end-use of the funds can be easily tracked
• Will guarantee that the money is used for the purpose for which it was intended, unlike traditional bank account transfer where it is possible that the funds are used for other purposes

Further, with the government in the process of establishing a digital currency for the Central Bank, e-RUPI can be used to emphasize the flaws in the current digital payment infrastructure which is crucial for the development of digital currencies in future. 

Application of e-RUPI

Currently, this is a platform launched as a government initiative for leak-proof distribution of welfare benefits to eligible beneficiaries. It aims to provide services under various schemes of the government including Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana and other subsidy programs, etc. 

However, in future even private entities can use this voucher-based payment method for providing services to their employees for travel, healthcare, and other such purpose-specific expenses.

It can also be used to provide credit to first-time borrowers, where the end-use of funds is specific and thereby evolving the digital lending landscape in the country.

A move towards digitalization and introduction of Digital Currency

While e-RUPI is in itself not a digital currency, as it is still backed by Indian Rupee as the underlying asset and is purpose specific, it is definitely a move towards introducing digital currency/cryptocurrency in India.

Both e-RUPI and cryptocurrency work on similar principle of enabling end to end digital transactions and removing physical intermediaries thereby ensuring transparency, data security and overall reduction in operating costs. 

What lies ahead?

With the introduction of e-RUPI, it is clear that the government is in support of new digital initiatives, as they expect that India has tremendous potential to change the way they transact and pay for different services. This is supported by increasing adoption of digital payments for small-value transactions, especially by the non-digital customer segment in the country.

This backed by India’s high currency to GDP ratio, validates that such digital initiatives and crypto assets/digital currencies can co-exist and position India as the front runner towards forming a complete digital economy. Further, e-RUPI will encourage the use of PPIs in India for better channelization & monitoring of funds, providing an opportunity for Fintechs driving digital payment solutions to design new products build around e-RUPI/digital currencies and such kind of digital solutions.

Have you recently started receiving mails/SMS from various banks and service providers asking to re-register your e-mandates for automated payments such as OTT, newspaper subscriptions, etc?. This is because of the new RBI guidelines with regard to recurring transactions, coming into force from October 1, 2021. 

What are these new RBI norms?

In another step to secure digital transactions via credit/debit card, PPI or UPI, RBI has implemented the new auto debit rules. As per the new norms, all such transactions will have to be further secured with an additional factor of authentication (AFA) – 2-factor authentication. Any transaction, whether domestic or cross-border, using cards, without AFA, would be discontinued.

New rules for Automatic Payments – A Snapshot

Source: RBI

Further to this, the bank/issuer is required to take additional information such as the validity period of the e-mandate, etc at the time of registration. And if required, the facility to modify the validity period, shall also be provided.

The banks also need to send a post-debit notification to the cardholder, once the auto-debit is processed. And, finally set up a redressal mechanism to address customer grievances related to this.

What will be its impact on payments?

This move is introduced in an attempt to protect consumers with regard to safeguarding of pre-stored data relating to cards and avoiding digital frauds. And especially those consumers who hastily give their consent to unnecessary automated payments and fall prey to data breaches.

With the new guidelines coming into implementation, all such recurring payments need to be reviewed and re-registered with respective issuing banks to avoid transaction failure.

However, these will only impact standing instructions (SIs) on cards. The automated instructions under UPI Autopay, e-NACH and other SIs to banks will not be impacted.

The directive will empower card users and will give them more control over their transactions. They can now determine and set the amount, velocity, etc, thereby managing such recurring mandates efficiently.

Way forward

For end consumers

Initially, this will impact customers to some extent, as the previous payment mode was meant to provide them with a seamless experience (especially for transactions above the INR 5,000 cap in B2B usage). Also, such payments may move to other alternate modes of payment such as e-NACH, UPI, etc for a better customer experience. However, in the long run with awareness they will realize that such regulations are for their benefit as it will eventually increase the security on card transactions. 

For Businesses

These guidelines will encourage businesses particularly, small & medium sized businesses to reach out to untapped customer base and build new business models in and around subscription payments and help grow this market multi-fold in the coming years.

To sum it up, the entire payments ecosystem is going through changes due to these regulations and all stakeholders are getting impacted in one way or the other. It will require banks/card companies/fintechs in the payments space to provide such portals to comply with the new regulations. However, there is still a long way to go as not only the banks/card companies, but the merchant/merchant aggregators’ ecosystem also needs to be in a state of readiness for its successful implementation. 

From the past few years, there has been an increase in the number of sectors like Travel, Retail, SAAS, etc expanding themselves into financial services.

Well, Banking and Fintech is a collaboration that is still very new in the Indian economy. The new normal has definitely shaken up the world and it has impacted the traditional banking system. From visiting a branch to opening an account online has been a major revamp in the industry – to be honest, this is just the start.

New Fintechs every day are disrupting the old traditional ways of banking and challenging our generation to think something out of the box now and then.

BaaS is a vast topic and the meaning of this is changing as per the ask of the end customer every day. Let’s try addressing the details one by one.

What is BaaS? 

In layman’s terms – BaaS is a process that allows fintechs and third parties to connect with banks via APIs. From opening an account to creating FD’s, etc everything can be done with the help of BaaS. 

Offering these services to an end customer is not so easy and requires a lot more regulatory processes to be in place. For eg: issuing prepaid cards – requires PPI license, giving credit to customers – requires NBFC license, and so on and so forth.

How does this work?

Banks obviously have licenses to offer various services, so they expose their systems to BaaS providers and these providers in return pay to banks for using their services. BaaS will allow businesses to fit the financial technologies and then the businesses will provide new solutions to end customers as per their needs and requirements.

Generally, the BaaS model begins with Fintechs, banks or Third party Providers paying fees to the BaaS platform. The financial institutions will open up their APIs to TPPs, thereby giving permission to access the systems and information required to build new banking products or offer white label banking services. 

Let’s understand how this is different from old traditional ways of banking

In today’s era, opening an account is just a matter of a few minutes compared to the days where opening a bank account required walking to the branch. 

Today, if someone has to send money to their children/relatives sitting abroad – trust me, it’s not a task anymore. Of course, this requires the regulatory practices to be in place, however, there are fintechs who are supporting this while simultaneously abiding by the regulatory guidelines.

To change the entire structure in the back end and front end for banks is not an easy task and requires a lot of investment. In this case, the banks approach BaaS or Tech service providers to plug in the system and provide end-to-end services to the customer. 

Future of BaaS

Everyday the financial industry is coming across a new development, the landscape is changing rapidly. Banks, Fintechs and businesses are coming across new requirements frequently. Reaching out to new segments of customers and solving a problem statement is also a new revenue stream for the banks as well as fintechs. 

Banks teaming up with the service providers and reaching out to end customers for providing innovative solutions is much required. APIs and applications play a major role in bringing these changes and need to be developed in a responsible way to provide long-term efficiency and scalability.

Picture this scenario – a collections agency appointed by a lender has hired 1000+ feet-on-street (FOS) workforce to facilitate collections from delinquent customers. The dilemma in front of the agency is that almost 60% of these FOS contract workers don’t have a formal savings bank account. How do you manage to pay their salaries? 

In recent times we have witnessed the rise of the gig economy which consists of consultants, freelancers and  blue collared workforce. As per a NITI Aayog report, in India, the gig workforce is expected to expand to 2.35 crore workers by 2029-30. According to Statista’s 2021 report, India has the second largest unbanked population in the world at a staggering 20% of the population. The above facts and figures coupled together provide a massive opportunity for financial inclusion, perhaps one of the reasons why India has seen green shoots in the Fintech sector, which at large, is trying to solve for the financial inclusion of the new to bank & new to credit base of the population.

The answer to the above challenges lies in a payroll card. Payroll cards are prepaid cards that employers use to load an employee’s salary or wages in lieu of a formal cheque. The funds are distributed each payday, providing an alternative to direct deposit for those who cannot or will not hold a traditional account. Payroll cards are always reloadable, which means a worker uses the same card all the time instead of being issued a new card each payday.

Employees can conveniently access their wages with this setup without the need to maintain an account with a financial institution. They can receive their funds instantly, sometimes up to 48 hours early, depending on the issuer of the card.  They don’t need to worry about carrying large sums of cash to purchase necessary items. This also helps enterprises and MSMEs to promote digitisation of payments in-line with the government’s Digital India mission. 

The Pros and Cons of Payroll cards

As with any system of compensation, organisations and employees need to be aware of the  pros and cons of payroll cards before using or implementing this type of system. Here are the crucial points to consider:

Benefits of Payroll cards:

Challenges of Payroll cards:

In conclusion, Payroll cards become the logical choice for enterprises and corporations who have a sizable workforce new to the financial ecosystem. They are easy to issue, can be modularized as per the requirements of the enterprise and help in fund management both for the employees and the employer. This can also become an alternate revenue channel for enterprises.

At CARD91, we offer a flexible, robust & scalable full- stack card issuance platform. We work closely with Fintechs & enterprises to help them launch new age card programs in the shortest possible turnaround time (TAT) supporting multiple use cases such as Expense Management & corporate cards, and Payroll Cards to name a few. Our platform is agile which helps us stitch together a custom card program as per the needs of the client. 

Still struggling with employee & vendor payouts? Get in touch with sales@card91.io to understand how we can help you transform your payouts to your employees & vendors.

Authored by Bhushan Sawant, Director, Sales & Partnership

Technology in finance has been around for more than half a century. With the turn of the century, it became even more critical as a key differentiator, moving up from a mere enabler. However, many financial services firms continue to struggle with their legacy tech and the need to stay relevant, mainly due to the slow creation and adoption of modern financial technology solutions. This is where the FinTech industry is playing a critical role in bringing new-age customer and business-centric innovations into the industry.

The question to ask now is- Is modern technology in finance and banking or as we call it Fintech any different from traditional banking technology and why is it positioned as a unique sector? Over the past 50 years, technology has “assisted” traditional financial institutions. However, there has not been any dramatic change in the products being offered or their target market.

FinTech- Accelerating API-driven innovation in the Banking and Financial Ecosystem

One of the key levers of the growth of Indian Fintech is its robust and scalable technology that caters to all kinds of customer segments. The development is aided by entrepreneurs who bring in innovation, supported by a pool of deep talent.

The trend that started with Fintech companies specializing in payment services, digital lending, saving accounts, wealth management and remittances space, is now disrupting the Indian banking and financial landscape in many ways.

Primary enablers of fintech growth

As we popularly call it, the India stack has been the key enabler for the growth of the fintech ecosystem. While demonetization and the pandemic provided tailwinds to the industry by increasing customer acceptance, the India Stack, regulatory support like CKYC, Video KYC, etc. made things easier to adapt to the compliance requirements. These, in turn, helped accelerate fintech innovation.

While the pandemic accelerated the global economy’s digitisation, India’s fintech sector riding on open APIs platform has ushered in a new era of reimagining financial services by prioritising customer experience and accessibility to banking services.

Post-pandemic, banks/financial institutions have started to revisit their strategy of digitizing customer experience without compromising on the quality of service delivery, regulatory compliance, and cost. We are now witnessing more collaborations between fintech that are building API-driven digital platforms and Banks. The partnership ranges from basic customer onboarding journeys to offering last-mile delivery of banking services.

This partnership has furthered the government’s stated agenda of financial inclusion. It has changed every aspect of the banking industry, including payments, infrastructure, access to financial services and distribution.

The popularity of API banking systems is driving more innovation, particularly in the fintech ecosystem. The API technology essentially allows technology infrastructure players to plug into a Bank’s legacy platform without being embedded into it. The infrastructure players, in turn, use the same API technologies to open up their solutions to fintech innovators/distributors. This is helping Banks to accelerate the adoption of API technology to ramp up customer acquisition, improve transparency and increase customer satisfaction.

There are several reasons why API banking and payments are becoming the wave of the future. The first and most obvious reason is cost reduction and faster launch of products/services. Secondly, APIs can automate customer support and other processes, improving the quality of service provided to customers while lowering costs. In turn, this allows users to have more interaction with the companies they already know and trust, making them more likely to do more business with them.

CARD91 is an API-led issuance Platform-as-a-Service company. It offers unparalleled technology infrastructure to banks, SMEs, corporates & fintech through its Switch and Card Management Solutions for Prepaid Cards, Multi-CurAPIrency Travel Cards and allied systems like Centralised System of Records (C-SOR) for prepaid cards, credit cards and Access Control systems (ACS)

The article is authored by Avendra Singh, Director, Partnerships & Sales, CARD91

Fintech being a leading light of the startup ecosystem over the years, has played crucial roles in development of the financial services industry. Strong ecosystem level changes are opening up opportunities for new business models. Introduction of blockchain technology in this evolving sector has a considerable impact and advantage.

Blockchain technology is a “chain of blocks” where each block holds timestamped digital data and it’s own previous blocks’ unique identity. The unique features of blockchain have potential to benefit the financial sector significantly.

In this blog we will cover following topics:

• What is Blockchain?
• How Blockchain is transforming the financial ecosystem
• Fintech and Blockchain-Use Cases
• Future of Blockchain in Finance

What is Blockchain technology and its features?

Blockchain is a decentralized database management system. The name signifies itself, a series of blocks containing transaction data, a hash identity, and node details are connected to form a chain. Blockchain is distributed ledger technology (DLT) which allows data to be stored globally on thousands of servers.

Below are the key features of Blockchain for its deeper understanding:

• Security and Transparency

Financial services all across the world are still centralized and multi-folded. Financial data is mostly stored in centralized databases, and it has to go through multiple intermediaries like front-back offices etc which results in lack of transparency across the system, wherein safety being solely dependent on intermediaries and their level of security.

This lack of transparency within the system fosters security threats or data breaches across the organization.

With the introduction of blockchain technology, transparency and security can be ensured simultaneously. Its distributed consensus based architecture facilitates the security towards data breaches, security threats etc. 

• Privacy

Blockchain system provides operable keys-a public one and a private key. Public key is available to all users in the network. However, the private key is only accessible to the stakeholders of the transaction. This enables transparency wherein the transaction will be visible to all users in the network with public key whereas the stakeholders and the transaction details will only be visible to those who have access to the private key. This process enables transparency within the system while securing the confidential information of the stakeholders.

How does Blockchain work?

Blockchain records validate and store the data in its database. So, it leverages to validate a transaction happening across the network. Each block in the block chain contains follow information

• A hash pointer (link to previous block)
• A timestamp
• Transaction data

Future of Blockchain in Fintech Technology

Andy Martin, a world-class blockchain expert, recently forecasted market changes based on the token economics forced by blockchain and described what exactly it provides:

“Decentralized communities provide certainty of identity, “who am I dealing with”, the certainty of provenance, “what am I buying” and smart contracts give certainty of execution, “if I do this, then I get paid” in these new marketplaces.”

Let’s understand better how Fintech and Blockchain can be chained together to build a FinBlock ecosystem.

Blockchain in the fintech industry can provide us a more seamless and effective way to banking, built around concepts of equity and decentralization. Blockchain-based fintech enables seamless transfer of funds, top of the line security and transparent financial tracking.

Reduced Costs and Transactions in Minutes

With blockchain integration in fintech applications, sending money, regardless of the amount, is much faster. Blockchain-based transactions occur in real time, so the recipient will not have to wait for days or weeks to get the money.

In addition to this, fintech applications powered by blockchain technology can drastically reduce the transaction costs enabling direct, P2P transactions that eliminate any middleman, meaning all unnecessary expenses and fees.

Use Cases of Blockchain in Fintech

Some use cases of blockchain in fintech services are: Cross Border Payments, Lending Platforms, Credit Score, Invoice Management and Billing Solution, Fund Investment, Government Expenses, Financial Record Keeping, Stock Exchange and Initial Public Offering

Let’s discuss Cross Border Payments and Lending Platforms use case in details:

Cross-Border Payments

Banks always charge an additional fee for every transfer or payments across borders, which in a way becomes expensive and slow. 

E.g If you want to transfer money from India to the USA, the transfer goes through one or more financial institutions before it reaches the receiver.

Introduction of Blockchain allows individuals to send and receive money with minimum interference of different intermediaries, which enhances the payment settlement quickly and efficiently.

Lending Platforms

When it comes to lending, one is required to establish trust and make a transaction happen. However, with blockchain technology in fintech, borrowers can directly deal with the lenders on the rate of interest, installments, and duration of the transaction with the help of immutable smart contracts.

Conclusion:

Blockchain in financial services can offer multiple benefits, which can help transform the finance industry. According to KPMG, “blockchain can reduce errors by up to 95%, increase efficiency by 40% and reduce capital consumption by up to 75%”. Blockchain in finance is an exciting concept with the potential to transform the finance industry.

Blockchain can help different financial institutions and government entities to improve trust, bring transparency and cut down costs. 

What is open banking? 

Open banking is nothing but a payment system that works on an application programming interface (API).  Let’s understand it better with the help of an example.

In India, how long does it take to open a new bank account? How many times do you need to verify your documents? If you want to apply for a loan, how much time does it take to get it approved?

I am sure you all can relate to how much effort it takes to complete each task mentioned above. If you talk about applying for a loan, let alone from a different financial organization, you need your bank account details, a good credit score, and a valid KYC document to even be approved.

With the introduction of open banking in India, everything will be possible within a few minutes and with a few clicks.

Open Banking and its status in India

Open Banking in India is still in a nascent stage and awaits a mass adoption wave. The reason behind this could be that the traditional Indian banking systems are extremely manual and system-based. Currently, even the adoption of net banking is not ubiquitous. The system focuses more on security and privacy, thereby compromising its efficiency. However, open banking has lots to offer when compared to traditional banking systems.

Is India ready for open banking? Prima facie the thought seems like a no-brainer. It is possible, as today we make payments using our phones for everything, be it an electricity bill or grocery bills, you name it! And you are doing it via phone.  A final noteworthy feature of India’s approach to open banking is that the perimeter of data subjects is broader than in most other jurisdictions.

Many open banking approaches are focused on consumer data and access to financial services. But India’s approach extends this to include small businesses also, who can be a part of this payment ecosystem and add one more layer to the data stack and have the access to improved financial services and their offerings

The progression of India with open banking principles can only be achieved through interoperability and data sharing in the financial sector. If you bring banks and non-banks together under the same infrastructure or common ecosystem, this architecture will facilitate financial inclusion, as can be seen by the increase in a high volume of low-value payment transactions, which further leads to digital transformation and development.

Open banking adoption accelerates or not?

In my opinion, the banking system has been transforming with each passing day. From an individual standing in long queues to just open an account in one tap, we have evolved. Whether it is physical banking or digital banking, individuals choose convenience and variety. 

There are many successful open banking stories. M-Pesa in Kenya, Alipay in China, and Paytm in India- their adoption indicates that there had been a certain digital drift that led to the success of these platforms. This indicates that traditional banks should change the way they have traditionally approached customers and should adapt to the new world of open banking. Digital banking or open banking systems can give them access to innovative ways of implementing digital technologies within the system, which in the future will help them to provide personalized customer services which will help them in retaining their market share and reduce capital on research and development of services.

How secure or safe is my data?

Every new technology in the market comes with new risks and uncertainties. However, with open banking platforms, they have the potential to rewrite the relations between a bank and its customers. When we talk about a consumer, a consumer is someone who prefers convenience packaged with security and safety. So, open banking will enhance or enable the management of money more securely, more convenient, and customer-focused.

At last, I would like to conclude that with every step in the future or tomorrow something or the other is changing. Change is inevitable, and it comes with a mixed bag of offerings. Here, in the case of open banking in India, the future is going to be collaborative and interconnected.

Ever wondered what happens in the background when you say my card has a“Tap & Pay” feature? 

It’s because of a technology called NFC or Near Field Communication.

NFC or Near Field Communication is a contactless communication technology based on a radio frequency (RF) field using a base frequency of 13.56 MHz NFC technology is perfectly designed to exchange data between two devices through a simple touch gesture. 

NFC is a form of communication between two devices, which makes transferring data more secure, convenient, and easy.

How does it work?

NFC works just like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, NFC works on the principle of sending information over radio waves. With the introduction of NFC, a user can share data, make payment without any manual hassle has turned out to be more important than any other technology in recent times, particularly in terms of mobile payments with simple operation. 

• With the mobile based payment app on your phone, you will just need to Tap the phone on the POS machine and a connection will be established utilising the NFC feature which is secured with password authentication or scanning your finger which makes it more secure. 
• Further, the transaction is then approved by a different chip called the SE (secure element), which transfers the transaction for approval back to the NFC modem. 

Currently, in India NFC-embedded cards are in the market with the imposed limits on the transaction sizes that it can process for NFC based card transactions.

With the introduction of NFC compatible smartphones like Samsung’s Galaxy Series, Google’s Nexus Series, and the iPhone in India we are stepping into a more cashless payment’s era. 

Is NFC Payments secure or not?

Are NFC payments secure or not? Most of you were wondering the same. However, the answer is NFC based payments are secure and safe. 

 For e.g A consumer who is interested in making payment via NFC based mobile application, due to the imposed limits on the transaction size on consumers cards the data cannot be stored in any of businesses NFC based terminals. In Addition to this, for instance, if a business’s NFC enabled terminal had been compromised but still the customer’s card details cannot be accessed. Likewise, tokenization makes NFC based payments so secure that there’s no decipherable information to steal from NFC terminal.

With the introduction of a process called tokenization, both NFC enabled merchants and the customers can feel reassured that contactless payments will provide end to end data security. For customers, card numbers are never stored in the application or anywhere in the operating system but in fact they are replaced with “token”. Furthermore, two-factor authentication like Face ID, passcode or touch ID within our smartphones enable a second layer of encryption and makes it more secure and safe for payments. On the merchant side NFC terminals and readers also use tokenization technology to encrypt sensitive information.

Contactless payments and its evolution in India

India’s journey towards a cashless economy can be judged by the impact of demonetization (2016) and COVID-19. Back in 2016, the government announced demonetization to convert India from cash-based economy to cashless economy. India had shown a gradual progress with the digitisation followed by ATM, credit and debit card, digital wallet, prepaid cards, recharge vouchers etc. payment solution helped India to build a cashless economy.

On 24 May 2021 – NPCI (National Payments Corporation of India) partnered with Turkey’s global payment solutions company PayCore as one of the certified partners for RuPay SoftPOS to drive cashless payments across the country. RuPay SoftPOS allows retailers to easily accept payments from contactless cards, mobile wallets, and wearables using only their phones. With the usage of RuPay SoftPOS, millions of merchants can now transform their NFC smartphones into POS machines to accept contactless payments. 

Under this association, NPCI mentioned that they have authorised the SoftPOS solution developed by PayCOre for RuPay. This solution can be integrated into bank or aggregator acquiring systems to enable acquiring of RuPay using mobile phones enabled with NFC capability. 

“With PayCore’s SoftPOS solution, which enables smartphones and tablets to be used as POS terminals without any additional devices, investment costs required by banks to reach out to over 63 million micro-, small-and medium-sized businesses will significantly reduce, said Ali Kancha, chief executive of PayCore”.

According to Nalin Bansal, “chief of fintech’s, corporates and new initiative at NPCI, the launch of RuPay SoftPOS is aimed at supporting small merchants which form the backbone of our Indian Economy and is one of many in the series of launches starting with its open-loop transit program.”

With the introduction of eye-popping innovations and technologies like UPI (scan & pay), FASTags, NFC payments, interoperability etc it certainly holds a promising future in India. In addition to these NPCI initiatives to introduce SoftPOS to support small merchants and provide one step towards a cashless economy. Recently, Google Pay is offering the NFC feature for android phones that support NFC to make payments at NFC based terminals. 

Apart from the list of Pros and Cons of NFC as a technology in the payment sector. One of the major challenges I came across is the  transaction limit of Rs 5000 set by RBI for NFC payments. However,  in the future it will prove to be a big step towards a cashless economy where NFC based terminals or POS will provide seamless payment experience to the end user and the receiver.

Over the past decade, technology has shown tremendous impact in many industries. With the change of customer behaviour and the emergence of regulatory compliances, the landscape of the financial industry is changing. Customers are demanding a multi- and cross-channel experience, which is real-time as well as available round the clock. Thus, Banks are changing their approach from traditional product-centric to a customer-centric approach. This has resulted in banks looking for new age solutions to redefine customer experience. Earlier if a customer wanted to send money abroad, then they might have to go to the bank or financial institution branch and it took 2-3 days to get funds credited to the receiver’s account but now money can be transferred at any time by just a few clicks using a mobile phone.

Consumer’s appetite has been ever increasing for high-end digital experiences including seamless and easy accessibility of all financial products at their fingertips. Responding to these demands, Fintechs are building revolutionary financial products and experiences by using APIs to quickly deploy a suite of advanced financial services and products.

What is an API and how does it work?

API stands for an Application Programming Interface. It’s a digital interface which acts as an intermediary to allow two different systems to talk to each other. 

A very prominent example of API usage which most of us have seen on many websites nowadays – “log-in using Google/Facebook/Twitter”. With just one click we automatically login on to the website or app but have you ever wondered how it works

It looks very easy and simple for users. Every time the application loads, it uses the API to check whether the user is already logged in using any social media platform. If not, when the user clicks the “Log-in Using google” button, a pop-up opens where the user is asked for confirmation to log in with the selected google profile. After the confirmation, the API interacts with the google system and provides the application with identification information to provide auto-login.

Digitalisation has fastened the transformation of the banking industry globally in the last few years. APIs are playing a very important role in the field of payments, Peer to peer management, Insurance, trading and many more. Fintech APIs are creating financial products and services faster and in more cost-effective than ever before. Now Banks, financial institutions and merchants can easily connect with third-party service providers and expand their products and services very quickly. Online shopping of groceries and household goods is a new trend all over the world, merchants are providing seamless payment experience with various payment methods to customers. Customers can easily transfer funds, make purchases, buy insurance, take loans and perform personal banking tasks on the go.

In short, APIs have transformed Financial institutions and Banks as a platform that offer customer-centric products and fill the gaps of legacy banking practices.

Fintech APIs provide access to data among the parties involved in financial transactions, including banks, third-party providers, websites and consumers.

Nowadays a new concept of Open APIs is on the rise. Open APIs allows third-party service providers to access the data and services of an organization in a controlled environment. It provides opportunities to create new products and adds new functionality to its core offering. 

Benefits of Fintech APIs 

• Real-Time Access: APIs have achieved real-time money transfer globally with minimal effort and are available to customers 24/7. APIs are changing how we interact with the world, and all these actions happen in real-time.

• Revenue Opportunity: Earlier banks were quite secretive about their client information due to security concerns. With APIs, the financial institutions can provide easy accessibility of big data which can help them in creating highly personalized financial services and enhance the decision capabilities of the business. 

• Cost-effectiveness: Instead of spending high cost in developing the system from scratch, the financial institutions can use these Fintech APIs and significantly reduce development costs.

• Accelerated time to market: By using fintech APIs Financial institutions can spend more time and resources to focus on innovation instead of repetitive development tasks. Create fully functional digital services within days instead of months.

To compete with the currency digitalisation banks and financial institutions need to transform their existing core banking services using Fintech APIs. Fintech APIs help in bridging the existing legacy gap between the financial institutions and customer’s requirements. Features and functions from legacy applications can be easily pulled out and combined into processes that authorised users and other applications can access from anywhere, anytime.

In today’s tech savvy world, customers want everything at the right time in the right quantity with minimal efforts and a seamless experience. Every Service provider is trying to provide financial products at the fingertip of the customer. This is a game changing opportunity for fintech to offer the unique, agile and ease to use next generation technology. 

Embedded finance is a buzz in the fintech industry and is growing at a tremendous rate. Covid-19 pandemic has accelerated the customer base and their engagements on these platforms.

What is Embedded Finance?

Embedded finance is a seamless integration of financial services with non-banking solutions. Customers can access financial products and services through mobile apps. Embedded finance can help businesses gain customer loyalty, increase customer base, better product offerings and more revenue opportunities. For Instance, Ola cabs is offering cab rides embedded with financing solutions such as wallet services (post-paid or limit based).

Embedded finance is also known as embedded banking. To provide financial services to customers. Businesses need to start exploring the opportunities of enabling embedded finance through a partner ecosystem which will significantly reduce their time of market time as well as low cost. 

In this customer centric world, embedded finance can provide significant advantages to businesses over their competitors. Previously, there was a gap between consumer requirements and the service offered by the seller. Embedded finance understands the gap and eliminates the need for a third party between consumer and seller. It is transforming the financial services distribution model and creating a revenue opportunity for businesses. 

Here are a few major manifestations of Embedded Finance:

Embedded Payments

Embedded payment means providing integrated services of payment processing within the app or platform itself. For e.g. Post-paid wallets or Payment Infrastructure offered by Ola or Amazon. While booking a cab from the Ola app, customers can easily make the payments by Ola wallet without the worries of carrying change to pay cab drivers on completion of ride.

Embedded Lending

Embedding credit offerings within the customer journey of non-financial digital apps or platforms. For Example, customers can now purchase any home appliance from the mobile app and convert the payments into easy EMI options on the same app.

Embedded Insurance

Embedded Insurance means bundling of Insurance along with the purchase of the products and services. Platforms partner with external Insurance companies to offer embedded insurance services for their customers. Online vehicle selling platforms, also enables customers to buy Car Insurance products while purchasing the vehicle.

Embedded Investment

Platforms integrate with the brokerage firm to offer investment services to their customers on their platform. Platform uses APIs of the brokerage firms for offering microservice ranging from opening an account, funding, trading, portfolio management, and market data.

Key players and their role in Embedded Finance Ecosystem

There are three main players working in the embedded finance ecosystem to offer better services and create new revenue opportunities.

Digital Platform

Customer facing digital platforms like mobile apps or desktop platforms who have a better understanding of customer needs.

Financial Institutions

Financial Institution like Bank, NBFC who provides financial services and manage all regulatory and compliance.

Embedded Finance Infrastructure Company

Fintech companies which act as a bridge between Digital platform and financial institution to offer end to end APIs, SDKs or software solutions thus enabling the embedded finance in the digital platform. With this, customers can enjoy the financial service within the same platform.

In India, UPI has transformed the payments landscape and made it simple for technology companies to become payment providers. To compete with the fast-changing digital world and rising demand for embedded finance, financial institutions are increasingly offering banking as a service (BaaS)—bundled offerings, often white-labelled or co-branded services, that nonbanks can use to serve their customers.